The University of Hawai?i is an indigenous-serving institution in Hawai?i, and correct spelling and display of Hawaiian language is essential for UH websites and publications. Consult appropriate resources to ensure proper orthography, especially diacritical marks: the ?okina (also called a glottal stop) or vowels with kahak¨ (also called a macron). The ?okina is a specific punctuation mark, and not a single quotation mark, accent grave or “tick mark.”
Do not italicize Hawaiian words (there are exceptions). Hawaiian and English are the two official languages of the State of Hawai?i.
Resources
- Books: , by Mary Kawena Pukui and Samuel H. Elbert and , Revised and Expanded Edition, by Mary Kawena Pukui, Samuel H. Elbert and Esther T. Mookini.
- Online dictionary: draws from Pukui and Elbert’s dictionary and Place Names and was developed by UH Hilo with support from UH ²Ñ¨¡²Ô´Ç²¹.
- Language experts: UH ²Ñ¨¡²Ô´Ç²¹¡ª, Center for Hawaiian Language
UH ±á¾±±ô´Ç¡ª, College of Hawaiian Language
Online display
Depending on the device, software or app, there are different ways to correctly input ?okina or kahak¨. It is not recommended to cut and paste from another document or the internet, as the character may not display correctly. For further assistance, contact the ITS Help Desk.
- Mobile devices: Long tap (tap and hold) to bring up a secondary letter menu
- Mac users: Install the Hawaiian language keyboard
- Hawaiian diacritical marks for Microsoft Word and PC users
- Hawaiian diacritical marks for Google docs
When working on in HTML, it is possible to code ?okina and vowels with kahak¨ using a numeric string escape sequence.
- ?´Ç°ì¾±²Ô²¹¡ª&²¹³¾±è;#699;
- ?¡ª&²¹³¾±è;#256;
- ¨¡¡ª&²¹³¾±è;#257;
- ?¡ª&²¹³¾±è;#274;
- ¨¥¡ª&²¹³¾±è;#275;
- ¨©¡ª&²¹³¾±è;#299;
- ?¡ª&²¹³¾±è;#298;
- ?¡ª&²¹³¾±è;#332;
- ¨¡ª&²¹³¾±è;#333;
- ?¡ª&²¹³¾±è;#362;
- ¨±¡ª&²¹³¾±è;#363;
NOTE: Words with ?okina marked up still require aria-label tags for accessibility.
Examples:
- Mānoa displays as ²Ñ¨¡²Ô´Ç²¹
- <span lang=”haw”>Hawaiʻi</span> displays as Hawai?i
For further assistance, contact the ITS Help Desk.
