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The University of Hawai?i is an indigenous-serving institution in Hawai?i, and correct spelling and display of Hawaiian language is essential for UH websites and publications. Consult appropriate resources to ensure proper orthography, especially diacritical marks: the ?okina (also called a glottal stop) or vowels with kahak¨­ (also called a macron). The ?okina is a specific punctuation mark, and not a single quotation mark, accent grave or “tick mark.”

Do not italicize Hawaiian words (there are exceptions). Hawaiian and English are the two official languages of the State of Hawai?i.

Resources

  • Books: , by Mary Kawena Pukui and Samuel H. Elbert and , Revised and Expanded Edition, by Mary Kawena Pukui, Samuel H. Elbert and Esther T. Mookini.
  • Online dictionary: draws from Pukui and Elbert’s dictionary and Place Names and was developed by UH Hilo with support from UH ²Ñ¨¡²Ô´Ç²¹.
  • Language experts: UH ²Ñ¨¡²Ô´Ç²¹¡ª, Center for Hawaiian Language
    UH ±á¾±±ô´Ç¡ª, College of Hawaiian Language

Online display

Depending on the device, software or app, there are different ways to correctly input ?okina or kahak¨­. It is not recommended to cut and paste from another document or the internet, as the character may not display correctly. For further assistance, contact the ITS Help Desk.

When working on in HTML, it is possible to code ?okina and vowels with kahak¨­ using a numeric string escape sequence.

  • ?´Ç°ì¾±²Ô²¹¡ª&²¹³¾±è;#699;
  • ?¡ª&²¹³¾±è;#256;
  • ¨¡¡ª&²¹³¾±è;#257;
  • ?¡ª&²¹³¾±è;#274;
  • ¨¥¡ª&²¹³¾±è;#275;
  • ¨©¡ª&²¹³¾±è;#299;
  • ?¡ª&²¹³¾±è;#298;
  • ?¡ª&²¹³¾±è;#332;
  • ¨­¡ª&²¹³¾±è;#333;
  • ?¡ª&²¹³¾±è;#362;
  • ¨±¡ª&²¹³¾±è;#363;

NOTE: Words with ?okina marked up still require aria-label tags for accessibility.

Examples:

  • Mānoa displays as ²Ñ¨¡²Ô´Ç²¹
  • <span lang=”haw”>Hawai&#699;i</span> displays as Hawai?i

For further assistance, contact the ITS Help Desk.

Last modified: February 20, 2026
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