{"id":43985,"date":"2016-03-16T11:32:18","date_gmt":"2016-03-16T21:32:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/?p=43985"},"modified":"2020-07-28T10:20:37","modified_gmt":"2020-07-28T20:20:37","slug":"bronze-bell-recovered-from-world-war-ii-aircraft-carrying-submarine-off-oahu-coast","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/2016\/03\/16\/bronze-bell-recovered-from-world-war-ii-aircraft-carrying-submarine-off-oahu-coast\/","title":{"rendered":"Bronze bell recovered from World War II aircraft-carrying submarine off Oahu coast"},"content":{"rendered":"<span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Reading time: <\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 3<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">minutes<\/span><\/span><div class=\"responsive-video-wrap\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"676\" height=\"380\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/enj1tSA2Y5Y\" title=\"YouTube video player\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p>During a test dive last week, the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.soest.hawaii.edu\/HURL\/index.html\"><span aria-label=\"Hawaii\">Â鶹´«Ã½<\/span> Undersea Research Laboratory (<abbr>HURL<\/abbr>)<\/a> recovered a bronze bell from the I-400&#8212;a World War <abbr title=\"two\">II<\/abbr>-era Imperial Japanese Navy mega-submarine, lost since 1946 when it was intentionally sunk by <abbr>U.S.<\/abbr> forces after its capture.<\/p>\n<p>Longer than a football field at 400 feet, the I-400 was known as a &ldquo;Sen-Toku&rdquo; class submarine&#8212;the largest submarine ever built until the introduction of nuclear-powered subs in the 1960s. The I-400 is now protected under the Sunken Military Craft Act and managed by the Department of the Navy.<\/p>\n<h2>Teamwork and partnership<\/h2>\n<p>The recovery was led by veteran undersea explorer <a href=\"http:\/\/www.soest.hawaii.edu\/HURL\/gallery\/kerby\/\"><strong>Terry Kerby<\/strong><\/a>, <abbr>HURL<\/abbr> operations director and chief submarine pilot. Kerby was joined by <strong>Scott Reed<\/strong>, <strong>Chris Kelley<\/strong> and <strong>Max Cremer<\/strong> (all with <abbr>HURL<\/abbr>) on the dive. The team used both of <abbr>HURL<\/abbr>&#8217;s human-occupied submersibles, <em>Pisces <abbr title=\"four\">IV<\/abbr><\/em> and <em>Pisces <abbr title=\"five\">V<\/abbr><\/em>. Teamwork between the two subs was instrumental in recovering the bell.<\/p>\n<p>Since 1992, <abbr>HURL<\/abbr> has used its submersibles to search for historic wreck sites and other submerged cultural resources as part of the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.noaa.gov\/\">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration&#8217;s (<abbr>NOAA<\/abbr>)<\/a> maritime heritage research effort. Heritage properties like historic wreck sites are non-renewable resources possessing unique information about the past. This recovery effort was possible because of a collaboration between the University of <span aria-label=\"Hawaii\">Â鶹´«Ã½<\/span> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.soest.hawaii.edu\/\">School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.csuchico.edu\/\">California State University-Chico (<abbr>CSU-C<\/abbr>)<\/a>, Naval History and Heritage Command and the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bowfin.org\/\"><abbr>USS<\/abbr> Bowfin Submarine Museum<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&ldquo;It was an exciting day for the submersible operations crews of <em>Pisces <abbr title=\"four\">IV<\/abbr><\/em> and <em>Pisces <abbr title=\"roman numeral five\">V<\/abbr><\/em>. Just prior to our test dive, <abbr>Dr.<\/abbr> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.csuchico.edu\/anth\/Faculty\/Fox.shtml\">Georgia Fox<\/a> [archaeologist at <abbr>CSU-C<\/abbr>] had received the underwater archaeological research permit from the Naval History and Heritage Command. We had only one chance to relocate and recover the bell,&rdquo; said Kerby.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_43989\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-43989\" style=\"width: 630px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/manoa-hurl-i400-bell-recovery-illustration.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"282\" class=\"size-full wp-image-43989\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/manoa-hurl-i400-bell-recovery-illustration.jpg 620w, https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/manoa-hurl-i400-bell-recovery-illustration-260x118.jpg 260w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-43989\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Illustration showing relative location of the I-400 and its bronze bell. (credit: T. Kerby, <abbr>HURL\/UH<\/abbr>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2 style=\"clear:both;\">A symbol of the past and the future<\/h2>\n<div style=\"float:right;margin:0 0 15px 15px;\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/wmjmPHNYXO8?rel=0&amp;showinfo=0\" title=\"YouTube video player\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><br \/>\nVideo from I-400 initial sighting\n<\/div>\n<p>At the end of <abbr>WWII<\/abbr>, the <abbr>U.S.<\/abbr> Navy captured five Japanese subs, including the I-400, and brought them to Pearl Harbor for inspection. When the Soviet Union demanded access to the submarines in 1946 under the terms of the treaty that ended the war, the <abbr>U.S.<\/abbr> Navy sank the subs off the coast of <span aria-label=\"Oahu\">O&#699;ahu<\/span>. The goal was to keep their advanced technology out of Soviet hands during the opening chapters of the Cold War. <abbr>HURL<\/abbr> has successfully located four of these five lost submarines and now recovered a piece of that history.<\/p>\n<p>&ldquo;These historic properties in the Hawaiian Islands recall the events and innovations of World War <abbr>II<\/abbr>, a period which greatly affected both Japan and the United States and re-shaped the Pacific region,&rdquo; said Hans Van Tilburg, maritime heritage coordinator for <abbr>NOAA<\/abbr> in the Pacific Islands region. &ldquo;Wreck sites like the I-400 are reminders of a different time and markers of our progress from animosity to reconciliation.&rdquo;<\/p>\n<h2>A historic maritime treasure<\/h2>\n<p>Fox developed a conservation treatment plan for the bell. Following a year-long stabilization process, the bronze bell will be on display at the <abbr>USS<\/abbr> Bowfin Submarine Museum, where it will join binoculars and other artifacts from the I-400.<\/p>\n<p>&ldquo;The recovery of the bronze bell from the I-400, and its eventual display at the <abbr>USS<\/abbr> Bowfin Submarine Museum gives us a chance to share this history with more than three hundred thousand annual visitors, many from the Pacific Region. What was once an artifact on the seafloor will now be a national historic maritime treasure for all to see,&rdquo; said Jerry Hofwolt, executive director of the <abbr>USS<\/abbr> Bowfin Submarine Museum.<\/p>\n<p><em>&#8212;By Marcie Grabowski<\/em><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_43988\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-43988\" style=\"width: 630px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/manoa-hurl-i400-bell-recovery.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"417\" class=\"size-full wp-image-43988\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/manoa-hurl-i400-bell-recovery.jpg 620w, https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/manoa-hurl-i400-bell-recovery-260x175.jpg 260w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-43988\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Manipulator arm of <abbr>HURL<\/abbr>\u2019s submersible places the I-400 bell into a collection basket. (photo credit:<abbr>HURL<\/abbr>\/<abbr>UH<\/abbr>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>During a test dive, the <abbr title=\"University of Hawaii\">UH<\/abbr> Undersea Research Laboratory recovered the bronze bell from the I-400&#8212;a World War <abbr title=\"two\">II<\/abbr>-era Imperial Japanese Navy mega-submarine.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":44063,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[293,134,92,9,56],"class_list":["post-43985","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-research","tag-hawaii-undersea-research-laboratory","tag-international","tag-school-of-ocean-and-earth-science-and-technology","tag-uh-manoa","tag-video-2","entry","has-media"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/manoa-hurl-i400-bell-recovery-f.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43985","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/16"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=43985"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43985\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":123634,"href":"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43985\/revisions\/123634"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/44063"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=43985"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=43985"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=43985"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}