{"id":156717,"date":"2022-03-20T08:00:09","date_gmt":"2022-03-20T18:00:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/?p=156717"},"modified":"2022-03-18T14:36:35","modified_gmt":"2022-03-19T00:36:35","slug":"grant-lava-tube-biodiversity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/2022\/03\/20\/grant-lava-tube-biodiversity\/","title":{"rendered":"$1.29M<\/abbr> grant to study lava tube biodiversity on Hawai\u02bbi Island"},"content":{"rendered":"Reading time: <\/span> 2<\/span> minutes<\/span><\/span>
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Assistant Professor Rebecca Chong explores lava tube caves on Â鶹´«Ã½<\/span> Island. (Photo credit: Megan Porter)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

A four-year, $1.29-million grant from the National Science Foundation<\/a> has been awarded to University of Â鶹´«Ã½<\/span> at M\u0101noa researchers from the School of Life Sciences<\/a> to study subterranean biodiversity associated with lava tubes in Â鶹´«Ã½<\/span>. The grant was awarded to Assistant Professor Rebecca Chong<\/strong> and Associate Professor Megan Porter<\/strong>, and collaborator Professor Annette Engel at the University of Tennessee-Knoxville.<\/p>\n

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Assistant Professor Rebecca Chong and collaborators have documented numerous species that only live underground in lava tubes and are new to science, including the new “thread-legged bug.” (Photo credit: Michael E. Slay)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

On Â鶹´«Ã½<\/span> Island, continuous volcanic activities over hundreds of thousands of years created subterranean habitats, known as lava tubes, that are of different geologic ages. The lava tubes are occupied by communities of cave-adapted arthropod species, such as planthoppers, millipedes and spiders, which are sustained by the roots of the native ʻo\u0304hiʻa<\/span> tree.<\/p>\n

The lava tube species on Â鶹´«Ã½<\/span> Island are found nowhere else in the world. Ecological threats facing lava tubes are similar to threats facing native forests and other Hawaiian ecosystems, including urbanization, climate change, biodiversity loss, and the spread of invasive species and pathogens, such as Rapid ʻ\u014chiʻa<\/span> Death.<\/p>\n

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Newly-described cave beetle species Paratachys aaa<\/em> occupies the dark zone of recently developed lava tube caves on Â鶹´«Ã½<\/span> Island. (Photo credit: Michael E. Slay)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Recent exploration of lava tubes on Â鶹´«Ã½<\/span> Island by the team and their collaborators has already uncovered species that are new to science and new distributions for species underground in different lava flows across the island.<\/p>\n

“With significant potential to discover more subterranean diversity, we will conduct systematic biological surveys of lava tubes on Â鶹´«Ã½<\/span> Island to compare arthropod species diversity and ecological roles across different volcanoes,” said Chong. “Our research will uncover important ecosystem-level feedbacks between the surface and subsurface that explain how Hawaiian subterranean ecosystems form.”<\/p>\n

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Associate Professor Megan Porter searches for cave-adapted arthropods in a lava tube cave on Â鶹´«Ã½<\/span> Island. (Photo credit: Michael E. Slay)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The project will result in several major advancements, including documenting and describing new species occurrences and distributions across the island, obtaining new ecological data on the contributions of ʻo\u0304hiʻa<\/span> to the lava tube ecosystems, and generating new genetic data for understanding the relationships among different cave species. These findings serve as significant breakthroughs for Â鶹´«Ã½<\/span>, where island biodiversity loss has reached unprecedented levels.<\/p>\n

The project also has important outreach goals that include educating both the next generation of diverse scientists and the public about integrative biological research, including collaborative training for students and researchers, year-long cross-disciplinary research internships for undergraduate students, and public outreach programs for the local community with researchers at the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum.<\/p>\n