telescope | University of Hawaiʻi System News /news News from the University of Hawaii Tue, 31 Mar 2026 23:29:27 +0000 en-US hourly 1 /news/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/cropped-UHNews512-1-32x32.jpg telescope | University of Hawaiʻi System News /news 32 32 28449828 Cosmic collision of galaxies mapped by Maunakea telescope /news/2026/03/31/cosmic-collision-mapped-by-maunakea-telescope/ Tue, 31 Mar 2026 22:44:47 +0000 /news/?p=231540 UH Hilo astronomer R. Pierre Martin led a study using CFHT on Maunakea to help reconstruct a slow-motion cosmic collision.

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a galaxy
Using CFHT, the team captured detailed, full views of entire galaxies in a single shot.

An astronomer at the University of 鶹ý at Hilo is using data from the (CFHT) on Maunakea to help reconstruct a slow-motion cosmic collision, one that has been unfolding for hundreds of millions of years.

A new study from principal investigator R. Pierre Martin, a professor of at UH Hilo, and international researchers such as PhD student Camille Poitras and colleagues at Université Laval in Québec, Canada, simulates the past, present and future of two spiral galaxies, NGC 2207 and IC 2163. The findings were recently published in .

instrument used to capture views of galaxies
SITELLE instrument at CFHT/

The team used a one-of-a-kind instrument on CFHT called , which can capture incredibly detailed views of entire galaxies all at once.

“Understanding what’s happening during these collisions is fundamental to our knowledge of galaxy evolution in general,” said Martin. “Our own galaxy, the Milky Way, has been through multiple interactions during its lifetime, with one of them having likely triggered the formation of our Sun, about 5 billion years ago.”

Collision timeline

The interaction began about 440 million years ago. Since then, the galaxies have slammed together, pulled apart and reconnected multiple times. Throughout time, they are expected to merge into a single system, their original structures no longer recognizable.

To trace that evolution, the team ran hundreds of simulations, mapping gas movement, star birth, supernovae explosions, chemical enrichment and structural changes across more than 600 million years.

The study shows how these encounters reshape galaxies such as mixing elements, triggering new star formation and influencing how planetary systems could emerge.

Pierre is quick to highlight that Poitras, the study’s lead author, was responsible for most of the work encapsulated in the paper. For Poitras, who began the work as an undergraduate, the project highlights the value of early research experience. That same hands-on approach is central at UH Hilo.

Hands-on learning

telescope on Maunakea
CFHT on Maunakea

“Telescope and lab time have become a central pillar of UH Hilo’s astronomy program,” Martin said. “Even if you’ve never used a telescope before in your life, for the four years you have here, it’s all about hands-on experience.”

Every astronomy course includes lab work, often connecting students directly with observatories on Maunakea. Since 2017, all telescope proposals submitted through the UH Hilo telescope time allocation process must include undergraduate researchers.

For more go to the .

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鶹ýscientists help unlock the Sun’s magnetic secrets with AI /news/2025/12/11/unlock-suns-magnetic-secrets-with-ai/ Thu, 11 Dec 2025 19:34:46 +0000 /news/?p=226760 The UH-led team developed a new AI tool that can map the Sun’s magnetic field in three dimensions with unprecedented accuracy.

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solar storm
Hybrid image of a coronal mass ejection and the solar chromosphere. (Credit: SOHOESA & NASA)

Researchers at the University of 鶹ý (IfA) are helping reshape how scientists study the Sun. The UH-led team has developed a new artificial intelligence (AI) tool that can map the Sun’s magnetic field in three dimensions with unprecedented accuracy, supporting research tied to the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) built and managed by the NSF National Solar Observatory (NSO) on Haleakalā. The team’s findings were published in the .

Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope
Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope atop Haleakalā. (Photo credit: NSF/NSO/AURA)

“The Sun is the strongest space weather source that can affect everyday life here on Earth, especially now that we rely so much on technology,” said Kai Yang, an IfA postdoctoral researcher who led the work. “The Sun’s magnetic field drives explosive events like solar flares and coronal mass ejections. This new technique helps us understand what triggers these events and strengthens space weather forecasts, giving us earlier warnings to protect the systems we use every day.”

The Sun’s magnetic field controls eruptions that can disrupt satellites, power systems and communications on Earth. However, the field is tough to measure, making it difficult to create accurate maps. Instruments can show the way the field tilts, but not whether it points toward us or away from us, like looking at a rope from the side and not knowing which end is closer. Another problem is height. When scientists look at the Sun, they see several layers at the same time, so it’s difficult to tell how high each magnetic structure actually is. Sunspots make this even trickier because their strong magnetic fields bend the surface downward, creating a dip.

AI-powered insights

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First sunspot image taken by Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope. (Credit: NSO/AURA/NSF)

IfA researchers partnered with the National Solar Observatory and the High Altitude Observatory of the NSF National Center for Atmospheric Research to build a new machine-learning system that blends real data with the basic laws of physics. Their algorithm, the Haleakalā Disambiguation Decoder, relies on a simple rule: magnetic fields form loops and don’t start or end. From there, the AI can figure out the true direction of the field and estimate the correct height of each layer.

The method has worked well on detailed computer models of the Sun, including calm areas, bright active regions and sunspots. Its accuracy is especially helpful for making sense of the high-resolution images from the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope.

“With this new machine-learning tool, the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope can help scientists build a more accurate 3D map of the Sun’s magnetic field,” said Yang. “It also reveals related features, like vector electric currents in the solar atmosphere that were previously very hard to measure. Together, this gives us a clearer picture of what drives powerful solar eruptions.”

Clearer Sun insights

With these advances, researchers can see the Sun’s magnetic landscape more accurately and improve predictions of the solar activity that impacts life on Earth.

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AstroDay brings space, Sun and discovery to Kona /news/2025/11/18/astroday-space-discovery-kona/ Wed, 19 Nov 2025 01:05:09 +0000 /news/?p=225734 The day-long celebration offered family-friendly learning, free giveaways and simple science experiments designed to spark curiosity.

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IfA Astroday
IfA students, staff helped visitors explore astronomy up close.

AstroDay West 2025 brought a wave of excitement to Kona Commons as crowds gathered around science booths, telescopes and live demonstrations. The University of 鶹ý (IfA) joined partners across the island to offer a day of engaging ways to explore the universe at the annual event hosted by .

The day-long celebration offered family-friendly learning, free giveaways and simple science experiments designed to spark curiosity. Organizers said the goal was to make astronomy feel approachable for everyone.

“We were excited to provide keiki and families with the opportunity to learn more about science and astronomy right here in Kona,” said Carolyn Kaichi, education and outreach specialist at IfA. “Through hands-on learning and key partnerships with organizations across the island, we hoped to inspire the next generation of local science and technology leaders.”

IfA Astroday
AstroDay continues to bring science to life for 鶹ý families.

Sun, sky and science

Visitors lined up to use a special solar telescope to safely view details on the sun’s surface. Nearby booths showed how stars form, how weather shapes our islands and how scientists observe the sky from 鶹ý’s mountaintops. IfA staff and students answered questions, guided activities and shared stories about their work.

AstroDay has long been a staple for families interested in science with a mission to strengthen public understanding of astronomy and create more opportunities for learning.

The event also featured displays and expertise from a wide range of partners, such as Las Cumbres Observatory, W. M. Keck Observatory, Gemini Observatory, Subaru Telescope, Canada-France-鶹ý Telescope, TMT International Observatory, NASA Solar System Ambassadors and the UH Hilo .

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鶹ýdebuts advanced robotic optics on Maunakea /news/2025/11/18/advanced-robotic-optics-on-maunakea/ Tue, 18 Nov 2025 21:31:50 +0000 /news/?p=225613 Robo-AO-2 is designed to correct the blur caused by Earth’s atmosphere, sharpening images of objects each night with minimal human oversight.

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Robo-AO-2 at 鶹ý2.2 meter telescope on Maunakea.

A new chapter in automated astronomy has begun on Maunakea. The University of 鶹ý (IfA) has launched initial science operations for , a robotic laser adaptive optics system now operating at the . The milestone marks a major leap in how astronomers observe the night sky.

Robo-AO-2 is designed to correct the blur caused by Earth’s atmosphere, sharpening images of hundreds of objects each night with minimal human oversight. The system is led by astronomer Christoph Baranec, who has spent years advancing adaptive optics technology at IfA.

“Making Robo-AO-2 operational represents years of dedicated engineering and innovation,” said Baranec, a member of IfA’s robotic adaptive optics program. “This system demonstrates how University of 鶹ý facilities continue to pioneer technologies that eventually make their way to the world’s largest telescopes and space missions.”

Hunting for habitable worlds

Illustration of Kepler-62f, a possible habitable planet, 1,200 light-years away. (Credit: NASA/Ames/JPL-Caltech)

One of the first researchers to use the system is graduate student Guillaume Huber. He is conducting observations for NASA’s future , which will search for signs of life on planets around nearby stars. Huber is vetting a catalog of nearby stars that could host Earth-like planets.

“The Habitable Worlds Observatory will search for signs of life on planets orbiting other stars, but first we need to ensure those target stars don’t have close stellar companions,” Huber said. “Robo-AO-2’s ability to rapidly survey hundreds of targets makes it uniquely suited for this preparatory work.”

Advancing automation

New funding is driving the system even further. This year, the National Science Foundation and the Mt. Cuba Astronomical Foundation awarded $679,075 to fully automate Robo-AO-2. The NSF award will also support testing a new adaptive secondary mirror for the UH 2.2-meter telescope, led by IfA astronomer Mark Chun. This technology could significantly improve image quality for future ground-based observatories.

“The adaptive secondary mirror will allow us to correct atmospheric turbulence directly at the telescope’s secondary mirror,” Baranec said. “Robo-AO-2 will play a crucial role in testing and validating this technology.”

Training the next generation

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鶹ý2.2 meter telescope is a test bed for cutting-edge instruments such as infrared detectors.

For IfA, the project is also about training. Students gain rare hands-on experience with real instruments at the university’s own facilities. The UH 2.2-meter telescope serves as a crucial testbed where new instruments and techniques can be developed before deployment on larger facilities.

“Students are not just operating instruments—they’re helping to build and improve them,” Baranec said. “Those skills are invaluable for careers in astronomy and engineering.”

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鶹ýengineers help sharpen our view of space /news/2025/10/22/uh-engineers-sharpen-view-of-space/ Wed, 22 Oct 2025 18:00:14 +0000 /news/?p=224073 The instrument on Maunakea’s Subaru Telescope allows astronomers to see deeper into space than ever before.

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Clearest image of disc around star Beta Canis Minoris
Reconstructed image of the fast-spinning disc around star Beta Canis Minoris

A groundbreaking new instrument that lets astronomers see deeper into space than ever before using a single telescope was brought to life with help from a University of 鶹ý at ԴDz faculty member. Installed on the atop Maunakea, the first-of-its-kind device set a new benchmark for how scientists study distant stars and planets.

Sebastien Vievard
Sebastien Vievard works with the photonic lantern

The instrument, called a photonic lantern, separates starlight into multiple channels, like breaking a musical chord into individual notes, allowing computers to rebuild an ultra-clear image. It’s part of a new instrument called FIRST-PL, developed and led by UH and the Paris Observatory, and installed on the advanced optics platform (Subaru Coronagraphic Extreme Adaptive Optics) at .

“What excites me most is that this instrument blends cutting-edge photonics with the precision engineering done here in 鶹ý,” said Sébastien Vievard, a faculty member from the UH Space Science and Engineering Initiative (SSEI) a joint program of the UH ԴDz and . “It shows how collaboration across the world, and across disciplines, can literally change the way we see the cosmos.”

Sharper cosmic views

The breakthrough, published in , used the new setup to study a nearby star called beta Canis Minoris and revealed that its fast-spinning gas disk is unexpectedly lopsided, a detail never seen until now.

Subaru Telescope
Subaru Telescope

“This device splits the starlight according to its patterns of fluctuation, keeping subtle details that are otherwise lost. By reassembling the measurements of the outputs, we could reconstruct a very high-resolution image of a disk around a nearby star,” said Yoo Jung Kim, a graduate student at UCLA, and lead author on the study.

The international team included researchers from UH, UCLA, the Paris Observatory, the University of Sydney and Subaru Telescope.

Group of international students who work with U H engineers
International team of researchers that UH engineers worked alongside

鶹ý’s space future

The achievement marks a milestone for UH’s new Space Science and Engineering Initiative, which launched its first engineering courses at UH Hilo in fall 2024. The initiative aims to position 鶹ý as a global hub for space research, technology development, and workforce training. Vievard, one of the program’s founding faculty members, is helping to lead this new academic path that blends classroom learning with hands-on engineering experience.

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Maunakea: Rare ‘fossil’ spotted by telescope /news/2025/08/05/maunakea-rare-fossil-spotted/ Wed, 06 Aug 2025 00:52:26 +0000 /news/?p=219699 The object, nicknamed “Ammonite,” is believed to be a preserved relic or “fossil” from the Solar System’s infancy.

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Planet in space
AI-generated illustration of the distant Solar System object “Ammonite.” Photo design: Ying-Tung Chen (ASIAA)

Scientists using the on Maunakea have discovered a new celestial object that could provide groundbreaking insight into the earliest days of our Solar System. The object, officially named 2023 KQ14 and nicknamed “Ammonite” by the research team, is believed to be a preserved relic or “fossil” from the Solar System’s infancy.

The discovery recently published in is part of the FOSSIL project (Formation of the Outer Solar System: An Icy Legacy), an international effort led by researchers in Japan and Taiwan. Using Subaru Telescope’s powerful wide-field Hyper Suprime-Cam, the team identified Ammonite in a distant, stable orbit far beyond Neptune, an area that has remained largely untouched since the Solar System’s formation more than 4.5 billion years ago.

“This find pushes the boundaries of what we know about the outer Solar System,” said Fumi Yoshida, principal investigator of the FOSSIL project. “Ammonite’s orbit and location suggest something extraordinary occurred in our cosmic past, and we’re just beginning to piece the story together.”

Unusual orbit confirmed

Follow-up observations using the (CFHT) on Maunakea, confirmed the object’s unusual orbit. Archival data from telescopes in Chile and Arizona helped track Ammonite’s motion across nearly two decades, revealing a remarkably stable path that makes it distinct from other known distant objects.

Orbital path models
Ammonite’s orbit (red line) and orbits of three other sednoids (white lines). Credit: NAOJ

According to researchers, what makes this discovery especially exciting is its implications for the still-unproven Planet Nine theory which is a hypothesized large planet far beyond Pluto. Ammonite’s differing orbit challenges existing models and may force scientists to rethink their understanding of the Solar System’s outermost reaches.

“This kind of discovery shows just how important 鶹ý’s telescopes are to global science,” said Kumiko Usuda-Sato, outreach specialist at Subaru Telescope. “We mahalo the community for allowing us to continue exploring the cosmos from Maunakea, a place of deep cultural and natural significance.”

Ammonite is part of a rare group of celestial bodies known as Sedna-like objects—distant icy worlds with orbits that carry them far beyond Neptune. These objects are defined by their extremely distant perihelion, or closest point to the Sun. Until now, only three such objects had been identified.

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鶹ýastronomy faces massive budget cuts: IfA director weighs in /news/2025/06/10/uh-astronomy-faces-massive-budget-cuts/ Tue, 10 Jun 2025 23:51:38 +0000 /news/?p=217357 Institute for Astronomy Director Doug Simons discusses potential impacts to the globally renowned research center, faculty and students.

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Observatories on Maunakea
Observatories on Maunakea (Photo credit: W.M. Keck Observatory)

Severe budget cuts proposed by the Trump administration to NASA and the National Science Foundation (NSF) are raising major concerns within 鶹ý’s astronomy community. Aside from the potential loss of federal funding for the Thirty Meter Telescope, funding reductions could also have wide-ranging implications for the University of 鶹ý’s (IfA), its research and its students. IfA is a globally renowned research center and home to one of the world’s largest university-based astronomy programs, with observatories on Maunakea and Haleakalā that have helped make some of the most remarkable cosmic discoveries ranging from exoplanets to distant galactic phenomena.

Simons smiling
Doug Simons

UH News sat down with IfA Director Doug Simons to discuss how the proposed cuts may affect 鶹ý’s standing in the global astronomy community.

What’s at stake moving forward?

Simons: The proposed fiscal year 2026 budgets at NASA and NSF have been cut severely and pretty much uniformly. Almost half of the Science Mission Directorate’s budget at NASA has been cut, and a comparable 50% or so has been cut at NSF. So for astronomy here in 鶹ý, there are a number of facilities that are directly impacted, including 17% cut from the W.M. Keck Observatory on Maunakea and 39% cut in the U.S. portion of the Gemini International observatory. We’re also looking at the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT) no longer being funded through the construction queue at NSF as part of this whole process.

What impact could these cuts have on grad students and research efforts at IfA?

Institute for Astronomy
Institute for Astronomy headquarters at UH Mānoa

Simons: Yes, a large fraction of our graduate program is sponsored by NASA and NSF, so our education program is definitely put at risk by these proposed cuts. The related threat of reduced numbers of observatories means that our research program at IfA is also at risk. It’s important to realize that a large fraction of observing time at IfA goes to our graduate students and programs involving undergraduates, giving them unique research opportunities compared to most other astronomy graduate programs. So again, I have a lot of concern near and long term about the impacts of these cuts to our research and education program, and associated knock-on effects.

What would the cuts mean for the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST) on Haleakalā, and its role in training UH astronomy students?

Simons: I’m very concerned about DKIST. They also have a proposed 40% cut, and that’s a brand new, $350+ million state-of-the-art solar telescope, the best ever built, that’s just out of the “starting blocks.” I honestly don’t know what problem is solved by massive cuts to a brand new observatory like DKIST.

Would you say 鶹ý is a global leader in astronomy?

Simons: 鶹ý astronomy is number one in the world in terms of science output, and that is absolutely at risk with deep cuts proposed in the NASA and NSF programs. Much of the U.S. northern hemisphere ground based astronomy program is in 鶹ý, so those cuts go right to the core of U.S. astronomy research. There are also proposed cuts in Federal research facilities in Chile, so the net effect, if we do not turn this around, will be widespread and lasting. It takes a long time to design, build, fund and operate these observatories and a large part of 21st century astronomy leadership will likely go to Europe/Asia, where budgets for astronomy research remain supportive.

If these cuts move forward, what impact could it have on 鶹ý’s economy, considering astronomy provides local jobs and brings in significant funding?

Simons: The latest (2019) estimate is astronomy provides about $220 million of economic impact statewide, with about half of that on 鶹ý Island. Nearly 600 people are employed by the Maunakea Observatories, making Maunakea astronomy one of the largest providers of good-paying STEM jobs on the island. The combined operating budgets for the Maunakea Observatories is $70 million – $80 million annually, with most of those funds being directly injected into the local economy through the salaries of observatory staff. More than $2 million is invested annually by the Maunakea Observatories in education and outreach programs across 鶹ý Island. Over a hundred companies help support 鶹ý observatories, diversifying economic benefits across a wide range of contractors and professionals. The total number of people directly employed by astronomy is closer to 1,000 including Maui and Oʻahu, where similar economic “multipliers” occur.

UH-operated telescopes in partnership with NASA play a leading role in spotting potentially dangerous asteroids. What does the funding picture currently look like for UH’s planetary defense work?

Simons: I was relieved to see that NASA retained its planetary defense program as a high priority. For IfA, that secures the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF) on Maunakea, PanSTARRS, which includes a pair of telescopes on Haleakalā, and ATLAS. There are now five ATLAS telescopes worldwide, which basically serve as the last stand, if you will, for detecting potential earth impactors. That’s a total of eight telescopes IfA owns/operates that could have been lost had NASA decided that the planetary defense program was not a priority. I’m pleased to say that amongst everything else going on, that survived.

How do you feel about the direction these proposed cuts are taking, especially given your decades of experience in 鶹ý astronomy?

Simons: It is extremely disappointing, particularly because I’ve watched the evolution of 鶹ý astronomy throughout most of my career, and the net effect of these recent decisions, which again are completely self-inflicted, is to diminish our ability to answer some of the most fundamental questions in science. It doesn’t have to be that way. We are decisions away from being able to stop this, but if we don’t, we’re looking at widespread damage to long-standing investments of broad state, national and international benefit.

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鶹ýtelescope discovers historic asteroid that may strike the Earth in 2032 /news/2025/02/02/uh-telescope-discovers-historic-asteroid-that-may-strike-the-earth-in-2032/ Sun, 02 Feb 2025 19:00:48 +0000 /news/?p=210071 The Institute for Astronomy plays a central role in planetary defense, operating some of the world’s most advanced asteroid-tracking telescopes.

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Asteroid headed toward earth
Illustration of a small asteroid moving past Earth (image credit: Space.com)

A University of 鶹ý-operated telescope has discovered a fairly large asteroid that may impact the Earth. The historic asteroid, 2024 YR4, was first detected by UH’s (ATLAS) in December 2024 as it flew past the Earth. Estimated to be the size of a 20-story building, the asteroid is currently 27 million miles away and returns to Earth’s vicinity every 4 years. While it is expected to safely pass Earth in 2028, scientists warn that a collision in December 2032 remains a possibility.

black and white animation of asteroid movement
Observations captured by ATLAS

’s estimates a 1% chance that asteroid 2024 YR4 could collide with Earth in 2032, based on current observations. Throughout the coming months, astronomers will closely monitor the 180-foot (55-meter)-wide object to refine its orbit and improve predictions of its future trajectory. No asteroid of this size has ever reached a 1% impact probability in the past two decades of near-Earth object tracking, making 2024 YR4 a rare and closely watched case.

While the odds of impact remain low, history has shown that even small asteroids can cause significant destruction. In 2013, a 65-foot (20-meter) asteroid exploded over Russia, unleashing a shock wave that shattered windows in 7,200 buildings across six cities. More than a century earlier, in 1908, an asteroid roughly the size of 2024 YR4 detonated over Tunguska, Siberia, flattening trees across nearly 1,000 square miles. Though scientists estimate a 99% chance that 2024 YR4 will safely miss Earth in 2032, its potential for impact—especially over populated areas—has drawn the close attention of the planetary defense community.

“Tiny asteroids do hit the Earth all the time, disintegrating in the atmosphere as fireballs; fortunately small ones cause little damage on the ground,” said Larry Denneau, an astronomer at UH (IfA) and co-principal investigator at ATLAS. “Larger asteroids can cause much more damage, but they impact the Earth much less frequently. There are still many large ones out there that we haven’t found yet, which is why we are continuously monitoring the whole sky to ensure that we stay ahead of potential threats.”

Telescope on Maunakea
The NASA Infrared Telescope Facility telescope on Maunakea during a lunar eclipse.

鶹ý telescopes monitoring

Observatories on Maunakea and Haleakalā are actively tracking 2024 YR4 to refine its trajectory. In 2022, UH was instrumental in helping track ’s Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) target asteroid system, the first successful asteroid deflection mission, proving that with enough time, an asteroid’s path can be altered to protect Earth.

​&ܴ;鶹ý’s telescopes are some of the most important tools for planetary defense,” said Doug Simons, director at IfA. “Thanks to our prime location and advanced technology, we can spot, track, and study asteroids with incredible accuracy. That gives scientists the time they need to evaluate potential threats and figure out the best ways to respond.”

Telescope on Maunakea
IfA’s Pan-STARRS 1 telescope on Haleakalā

Planetary defense

UH IfA plays a central role in planetary defense, operating some of the world’s most advanced asteroid-tracking telescopes. ATLAS, funded by NASA, is a four-telescope system located in 鶹ý, atop Haleakalā and Maunaloa, Chile and South Africa. It specializes in detecting asteroids on very close approaches to Earth, discovering hundreds of near-Earth objects (NEOs) each year.

IfA also operates the or Pan-STARRS on Haleakalā, the world’s leading NEO discovery telescope, which is equipped to detect potentially dangerous asteroids while they are still far from Earth. As scientists continue to assess the risk posed by this asteroid, Pan-STARRS remains actively engaged in tracking its movements and refining its projected trajectory. Each year, the ground-based telescope response system on Maui tracks more than half of the near-Earth objects larger than 140 meters detected globally.

On Maunakea, two UH-operated telescopes are also serving as key components of ’s planetary defense system in monitoring 2024 YR4. The or IRTF, a 3.2-meter NASA-funded observatory, specializes in studying near-Earth objects NEOs to evaluate potential impact risks. Meanwhile, the UH88 telescope aids in forecasting the future trajectories of these space bodies.

The search for NEOs is funded by ’s through its .

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Submillimeter Array on Maunakea illuminates birth of planetary system /news/2025/01/17/sma-illuminates-birth-of-planetary-system/ Fri, 17 Jan 2025 10:01:55 +0000 /news/?p=209346 UH astronomer Jonathan Williams helped capture images of exocomet belts using the Submillimeter Array on Maunakea.

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collage of 30 exocomet disks
Gallery of exocomet disks from the survey.

An observatory on Maunakea played a pivotal role in a groundbreaking study that sheds light on the birth and evolution of planetary systems. Using the (SMA), an astronomer from the University of 鶹ý helped capture crystal-clear images of exocomet belts—regions around stars where icy and rocky objects called exocomets are found.

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The Submillimeter Array on Maunakea

The study captured images of the light emitted from millimeter-sized pebbles within exocomet belts surrounding 74 stars near Earth. It represents the largest survey of such objects to date. The belts are tens to hundreds of times further from their star than the Earth is from the Sun and are exceptionally cold, with temperatures ranging from -250 to -150 degrees Celsius, where most compounds, including water, are frozen as ice. This makes these belts critical ice reservoirs within planetary systems.

UH astronomer Jonathan Williams from the has studied planet forming disks for more than 20 years.

“This work helps us understand the origins of our own Solar System,” Williams explained. “Like most abstract scientific research, the impact on people’s daily lives is minimal, but it contributes to the body of knowledge that ultimately changes humanity’s perspective on their place in the universe.”

Belt ‘disks’

Led by Luca Matra, an astrophysicist from Trinity College Dublin, the REASONS (REsolved ALMA and SMA Observations of Nearby Stars) study leveraged the combined capabilities of the SMA and the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) in Chile. These observatories observed electromagnetic radiation at millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths, providing the most detailed information yet on exocomets and their belts.

“The images reveal a remarkable diversity in the structure of belts. Some are narrow rings, as in the canonical picture of a ‘belt’ like our Solar System’s Edgeworth-Kuiper belt. But a larger number of them are wide, and probably better described as ‘disks’ rather than rings,” said study coauthor Sebastián Marino, Royal Society University Research Fellow at the University of Exeter.

Exocomet collisions

Exocomets are often larger than 1 kilometer in size and collide within these belts to create the smaller pebbles observed in the study. These belts are not unique to a select few systems—they are found in at least 20% of planetary systems, including our own.

“The REASONS dataset of belt and planetary system properties will enable studies of the birth and evolution of these belts, as well as follow-up observations across the wavelength range, from James Webb Space Telescope to the next generation of Extremely Large Telescopes and ALMAs upcoming ARKS Large Program to zoom even further onto the details of these belts,” said coauthor David Wilner at the Center for Astrophysics | Harvard and Smithsonian.

The team of scientists part of this study include Williams (UH IfA), Matra (Trinity College), Marino (University of Exeter), Wilner (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics) and 18 other coauthors from across Europe and the U.S.

Illustration of exocomets
Illustration of exocomets orbiting the star Beta Pictoris. (Photo credit: ESO/L. Calçada)
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Hawaiʻi students needed: Apply now for STEM workforce internship /news/2024/12/17/akamai-internship-program/ Tue, 17 Dec 2024 22:37:20 +0000 /news/?p=207967 The program runs from June 1 to August 8, 2025, and offers interns a $4,400 stipend, housing and travel support.

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W. M. Keck Observatory on Maunakea
W. M. Keck Observatory on Maunakea

The , a cornerstone of the Akamai Workforce Initiative, is opening doors for college students from 鶹ý to explore career opportunities in STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) fields while contributing to the state’s growing high-tech industry.

, offering students a chance to earn course credits at while gaining hands-on experience at observatories, tech companies, and research facilities across 鶹ý Island, Maui, and the University of California, Santa Cruz. The program is open to students enrolled in any 鶹ýcampus, as well as those that are from Hawaiʻi studying on the U.S. continent.

“The Akamai Program focuses on getting local students into local high-tech jobs—especially with astronomy and space employers. Many kamaʻāina (native-born) students study out of state for their undergraduate programs. The program gives them a connection with employers and they gain the skills, experience, and network to land a rewarding job at home,” said Lisa Hunter, director of the Akamai Workforce Initiative. “With a 25-year history, we now have hundreds of alumni employed across the islands.”

Stipends, mentor matching

The program runs from June 1 to August 8, 2025, offering interns a $4,400 stipend, housing (if needed), and travel support. Participants are matched with mentors in their field and complete a one-week preparatory course at UH Hilo before embarking on their projects. The summer culminates with a public symposium where interns present their work.

Local students needed

Akamai’s focus on local talent is clear: 80% of interns are either graduates of local high schools or are currently enrolled at a UH campus, and the program actively seeks to increase participation among underrepresented and underserved groups in STEM. To date, 37% of alumni are women, 23% are Native Hawaiian, and 47% are from underrepresented minority groups.

Led by the Institute for Scientist and Engineer Educators (ISEE) at the University of California Observatories in partnership with UH Hilo and the UH Institute for Astronomy (IfA), the program has supported more than 500 interns since its inception in 2003. Nearly 90% of alumni have continued their STEM studies or successfully transitioned into STEM careers, with many contributing directly to 鶹ý’s workforce.

STEM opportunities

Interns in recent years have been placed at many 鶹ý Island firms including Canada-France-鶹ý Telescope, 鶹ý Electric Light Company, Gemini North Observatory, Liquid Robotics, Smithsonian Submillimeter Array, Academia Sinica Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Subaru Telescope, IfA, U.S. Department of Agriculture and W. M. Keck Observatory.

Maui placements have included Air Force Research Laboratory, Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope, KBR, Maui High Performance Computing Center, Pacific Disaster Center and Privateer Space.

Opportunities also extend to the University of California Observatories, where interns work on projects related to 鶹ý telescopes.

Akamai funders

Funded by organizations such as the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation and the National Science Foundation, the Akamai Internship Program continues to serve as a vital pipeline for 鶹ý’s STEM workforce. Applications are due by February 7, 2025.

For more information visit the Akamai Workforce Initiative website.

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