physics | University of Hawaiʻi System News /news News from the University of Hawaii Wed, 08 Apr 2026 20:51:45 +0000 en-US hourly 1 /news/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/cropped-UHNews512-1-32x32.jpg physics | University of Hawaiʻi System News /news 32 32 28449828 鶹ýgrad programs earn national recognition in U.S. News and World Report rankings /news/2026/04/08/us-news-best-grad-program-rankings-2026/ Wed, 08 Apr 2026 18:08:19 +0000 /news/?p=231895 The 2026 U.S. News and World Report’s Best Graduate Schools rankings were released on April 6.

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U H Manoa students walking together

Ten graduate programs at the are in the nation’s top 50, and an additional 17 programs are in the top 100, according to the 2026 , released on April 7.

UH Mānoa’s (JABSOM) also placed in the nation’s top tier (tier 1) for best medical schools for primary care, and UH ᾱ’s ranked in a in the nation.

The highest ranked UH Mānoa programs were in the , ranking No. 18 (tied) for best environmental law programs and law schools with most grads in federal clerkships, No. 24 for best part-time law programs, No. 41 (tied) for best international law programs, No. 47 (tied) for best dispute resolution programs and No. 48 (tied) for best legal writing programs.

The ranked No. 22 (tied) for best international programs, and the (SOEST) placed No. 40 (tied) for best Earth sciences programs. JABSOM ranked No. 42 for most graduates practicing in rural areas and No. 45 for most graduates practicing in primary care.

UH Mānoa’s strong showing in the latest U.S. News and World Report rankings underscores our commitment to excellence in teaching, research and student success,” said UH Mānoa Interim Provost Vassilis L. Syrmos. “These results reflect the talent and dedication of our faculty, students and staff, and 鶹ý can take pride in knowing their university is preparing the next generation of leaders and changemakers for our community and the world.”

Rankings were based on multiple factors, including research activity (such as publications and citations), student and alumni outcomes (employment and earnings), quality assessments (from peers and recruiters), student selectivity (GPA and test scores), and faculty resources (doctoral degrees awarded and student-to-faculty ratios).

Note: not all programs are ranked every year. See these UH News stories on previous years’ rankings: 2025, 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021, 2020 and 2019.

Jump to program rankings:
William S. Richardson School of Law  |  John A. Burns School of Medicine  |  Shidler College of Business  |  School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology  |  School of Nursing and Dental Hygiene  |  College of Education  |  Thompson School of Social Work & Public Health  |  College of Social Sciences  |  College of Engineering  |  College of Natural Sciences  |  College of Arts, Languages & Letters

William S. Richardson School of Law

The William S. Richardson School of Law was ranked in 16 categories by U.S. News and World Report. In addition to its ranking of No. 18 (tied) for best environmental law programs and law schools with most grads in federal clerkships, No. 24 for best part-time law programs, No. 41 (tied) for best international law programs, No. 47 (tied) for best dispute resolution programs and No. 48 (tied) for best legal writing programs, the 鶹ýlaw school placed No. 91 (tied) among the top law schools in the nation.

Other law school rankings include:

  • Tax law: No. 80 (tied)
  • Criminal law: No. 88 (tied)
  • Contracts/commercial law: No. 92 (tied)
  • Health care law: No. 92 (tied)
  • Constitutional law: No. 95 (tied)
  • Business/corporate law: No. 101 (tied)
  • Clinical training: No. 102 (tied)
  • Intellectual property law: No. 127 (tied)
  • Trial advocacy: No. 175 (tied)

John A. Burns School of Medicine

JABSOM was one of 16 schools that placed in the nation’s top tier (tier 1) for best medical schools for primary care. JABSOM also placed in tier 3 for best medical schools for research.
In addition, JABSOM ranked No. 42 for most graduates practicing in rural areas, No. 45 for most graduates practicing in primary care, No. 139 for speech language pathology and No. 171 for most graduates practicing in medically underserved areas. .

Shidler College of Business

The Shidler College of Business placed in nine subject areas. Leading the way were international programs at No. 22 (tied), accounting programs at No. 68 (tied), information systems programs at No. 72 (tied) and marketing programs at No. 91 (tied). In addition, Shidler ranked at No. 104 (tied) for best management programs, No. 113 (tied) for best executive programs, No. 123 (tied) for best finance programs, No. 125 (tied) for best entrepreneurship programs and No. 142 (tied) for best part-time MBA programs.

School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology

SOEST placed No. 40 (tied) among the nation’s best Earth sciences programs.

School of Nursing and Dental Hygiene

The School of Nursing and Dental Hygiene placed No. 55 (tied) for best nursing school–master’s and No. 62 (tied) for best nursing school–doctor of nursing practice (DNP). Both were the only programs in 鶹ý to be ranked by U.S. News and World Report.

College of Education

The College of Education ranked No. 57 (tied) in the U.S., the 21st straight year the college has been listed as one of the nation’s top 100 education programs. Nationally accredited since 2000, the College of Education continues to be recognized for its award-winning programs and people.

Thompson School of Social Work & Public Health

The ranked No. 89 (tied) among the nation’s top public health schools and programs in the U.S. accredited by the Council on Education for Public Health. The Department of Public Health Sciences offers a ; a , with specializations in , , and , and a , as well as PhD program in , specializing in community-based and translational research and a PhD in . The Department of Public Health Sciences is also home to an online master of public health program to meet workforce demands.

College of Social Sciences

The College of Social Sciences placed among the nation’s best in at No. 90 (tied) and at No. 92 (tied).

College of Engineering

The ranked among the nation’s best in at No. 91 (tied), at No. 92 (tied), and at No. 128 (tied). The College of Engineering overall ranked No. 164 (tied) among the top engineering schools in the U.S. that grant doctoral degrees.

College of Natural Sciences

The placed among the nation’s best in at No. 97 (tied), and at No. 115 (tied), and at No. 125 (tied).

College of Arts, Languages & Letters

UH Mānoa placed No. 106 (tied) among the nation’s best for fine arts programs.

Other rankings

UH Mānoa also received these notable rankings:

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Global recognition for 鶹ýMānoa: 14 programs shine in new rankings /news/2026/03/25/qs-subject-rankings-2026/ Wed, 25 Mar 2026 10:01:35 +0000 /news/?p=231221 The 2026 edition analyzed the performance of more than 18,300 university programs taken by students at more than 1,700 universities.

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U H Manoa students walking

Fourteen University of 鶹ý at Mānoa academic subjects were ranked among the world’s best in the 2026 , released on March 25.

Four subjects placed in the top 22 in the nation and top 100 in the world. Leading the way was geology (No. 19 in the U.S. and No. 51–100 in the world), geophysics (No. 19 in the U.S. and No. 51–100 in the world), Earth and marine sciences (No. 21 in the U.S. and No. 51–100 in the world) and linguistics (No. 22 in the U.S. and No. 61 in the world).

Ten additional subjects placed in the world’s top 2% (within top 500 in the world out of ):

  • English language and literature: No. 28 U.S., No. 101–150 world
  • Agriculture and forestry: No. 30 U.S., No. 151–200 world
  • Anthropology: No. 31 U.S., No. 101–200 world
  • Modern languages: No. 41 U.S., No. 251–300 world
  • Environmental sciences: No. 66 U.S., No. 351–400 world
  • Communication and media studies: No. 68 U.S., No. 251–275 world
  • Physics and astronomy: No. 70 U.S., No. 401–450 world
  • Education: No. 78 U.S., No. 351–400 world
  • Medicine: No. 99 U.S., No. 451–500 world
  • Biological sciences: No. 100 U.S., No. 451–500 world

“These rankings highlight the exceptional work and commitment of our faculty, students and staff,” UH Mānoa Interim Provost Vassilis L. Syrmos said. “They showcase the university’s global standing and reinforce that UH Mānoa offers outstanding educational opportunities and experiences for both our local community and those joining us from around the world.”

UH Mānoa was ranked in three broad subject areas and 14 narrow subject areas. The QS World University Rankings by Subject are calculated using five criteria: academic reputation (measures the reputation of institutions and their programs by asking academic experts to nominate universities based on their subject area of expertise), employer reputation (measures the reputation of institutions and their programs among employers), research citations per paper (measures the impact and quality of the scientific work done by institutions, on average per publication), H-index (measures both the productivity and impact of the published work of a scientist or scholar) and international research network (measure of an institution’s success in creating and sustaining research partnerships with institutions in other locations).

The 2026 edition of the rankings by global higher education analyst Quacquarelli Symonds analyzed the performance of more than 18,300 university programs, taken by students at more than 1,700 universities in 100 locations around the world.

Other rankings

UH Mānoa also received these notable rankings:

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35 years of global impact: 鶹ýnetworking pioneers honored /news/2026/03/18/uh-networking-pioneers-honored/ Wed, 18 Mar 2026 19:57:25 +0000 /news/?p=230858 Their networks supported $1 billion in scientific investment and two Nobel Prizes.

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Three headshots
From left: Lassner, Yoshimi, Zane

University of 鶹ý President Emeritus David Lassner and his team—including Vice President for Information Technology Garret Yoshimi and Director for Network Infrastructure Chris Zane—have been awarded the Corporation for Education Network Initiatives in California . The award recognizes more than 35 years of visionary leadership in connecting 鶹ý and the broader Pacific to the global research community.

Transforming science, education

Pacific WAVE map

Since establishing the first international internet connection to Australia via 鶹ý in 1989, the UH team has fundamentally transformed global science and education. Their efforts in securing high-capacity networking for the premier astronomical observatories on Maunakea and Haleakalā have supported over $1 billion in scientific investment. The data transmitted through these connections contributed directly to two Nobel Prizes in Physics, including discoveries regarding the accelerating expansion of the universe and supermassive black holes.

Beyond these technical milestones, the UH team’s work is deeply rooted in a commitment to Pacific Island communities. By expanding ultra-high bandwidth networks, they have ensured that remote islands on the front lines of climate change have equal access to vital global research resources.

“The University of 鶹ý‘s geographic position in the middle of the Pacific is only part of the story; what truly makes today’s Pacific Wave (a high-capacity network) connectivity possible is the people,” said Jonah Keough, managing director of Pacific Wave. “David, Garret and Chris understand that networks are built on relationships as much as fiber.”

Connecting through fiber, light

Lassner has compared this modern digital connectivity to traditional Polynesian wayfinding. Having sailed aboard ōūʻ’s Worldwide Voyage, Lassner noted that just as navigators connected Pacific peoples using stars, UH is connecting them through fiber and light.

“To me, that’s what the World Wide Voyage and mālama honua (to care for our Earth) stand for—sustainability, Indigenous-serving education, research and our service to the community,” Lassner said. “It’s an incredible opportunity to do exactly what the University of 鶹ý is supposed to be doing.”

The award will be formally presented at CENIC’s “The Right Connection” conference in Monterey, California, March 31–April 1, 2026.

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Bridges, balloons, jousting: Physics Olympics lights up Kapiʻolani CC /news/2026/03/10/physics-olympics-kapiolani-cc/ Wed, 11 Mar 2026 00:43:11 +0000 /news/?p=230588 High school students met fun challenges at the Physics Olympics at Kapiʻolani CC.

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Group of students completing physics challenge
Mililani High School team competing in the Sink or Swim challenge.

Balloon-propelled boats and cart jousting were just a few of the competitions that tested the problem solving skills and physics knowledge of 80 high school students from across Oʻahu at the , held at for the third consecutive year in February.

This year’s competition featured 14 teams representing:

Students cheering on balloon boat
Kaiser High School team competing in the Balloon-Propelled Boats competition.
  • Farrington High School
  • ʻIolani School
  • Kalani High School
  • Kaiser High School
  • Mililani High School
  • Le Jardin Academy

Students worked collaboratively throughout the day, rotating through timed, experiential challenges that emphasized teamwork, precision and applied critical thinking.

Inspiring the next generation

Group of students standing around competition judge
Kalani High School team await the decision of the judges at the Cart Joust competition.

“The challenges were really fun and built a base for learning,” said Farrington High School senior Qunicy Sablan. “It’s cool seeing and participating in the wide variety of events that are all hands-on.”

The event is organized by the 鶹ý section of the (AAPT-HI).

“These high school students get to be on a college campus and have a fun day of physics, competition, and camaraderie amongst themselves as well as with other schools,” said Kapiʻolani CC physics instructor and Vice President of AAPT Jacob Tyler. “Engaging students in applied physics challenges strengthens STEM pathways and inspires the next generation of learners.”

Legacy of scientific curiosity in 鶹ý

Group of students seated at classroom desks
Farrington High School team competing at Jeopardy competition.

Kapiʻolani CC Vice Chancellor of Academic Affairs ɲʻ Napoleon encouraged students to see their work in physics as part of a longer legacy of scientific curiosity in 鶹ý.

“Our Aliʻi, especially King Kalākaua, husband of Queen Kapiʻolani, in 1881 met with Thomas Edison in New York to discuss the physics of electricity,” said Napoleon. “ʻIolani Palace had electricity before the White House or Buckingham Palace. In today’s competition, let physics be your constant, and let creativity be your variable.”

Challenges were developed by students from Kapiʻolani CC, Leeward CC, University of 鶹ý at Mānoa and Brigham Young University.

ʻIolani School physics teacher Doug Ellman, president of AAPT, said, “This is our 36th year running the event and part of the history of physics here in 鶹ý. It’s a really special event that brings together our 鶹ý physics community.”

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New algorithm could improve imaging, AI, particle research and more /news/2026/02/19/new-algorithm-aip-advances/ Fri, 20 Feb 2026 00:14:14 +0000 /news/?p=229726 The algorithm development helps scientists figure out where tiny, nearly invisible particles called neutrinos are coming from.

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person headshot
The algorithm development was led by physics undergraduate Jeffrey G. Yepez.

A University of 鶹ý at Mānoa student-led team has developed a new algorithm to help scientists determine direction in complex two-dimensional (2D) data, with potential applications ranging from particle physics to machine learning. The research was .

The algorithm development, led by undergraduate Jeffrey G. Yepez, helps scientists figure out where tiny, nearly invisible particles called neutrinos are coming from. These particles can reveal information about nuclear reactors, the sun, and faraway cosmic events. The method is based on a clever math discovery: the team found a formula that lets them match patterns in data and accurately pinpoint the direction of the source.

The students were guided by UH Mānoa Professor John G. Learned and received additional mentoring from UH alumnus and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory staff scientist Viacheslav Li, thanks to funding from the Consortium for Monitoring, Technology and Verification. The project began with simulated neutrino data to locate nuclear reactors, and further studies are underway.

“What excites us most is that this approach gives researchers a clearer mathematical foundation for extracting direction from noisy, real-world data,” Yepez said. “It is a tool that scales with technological improvements in detectors, computing power and data volume, making it valuable far beyond the initial physics application.”

The algorithm uses a mathematical tool called the Frobenius norm to measure differences between grids of numbers, effectively acting as a “distance formula” for large data tables. By rotating a reference dataset and comparing it to measured data, the algorithm identifies the rotation that produces the smallest difference, revealing the most likely direction of the signal. Simulations show the method works especially well with high-resolution data and large datasets.

While motivated by neutrino detection, the approach could be applied across multiple fields. Potential uses include astronomy, medical imaging, weather mapping, and any system that relies on pattern recognition, offering a versatile new tool for scientists and engineers.

Other UH Mānoa authors on the paper include Jackson D. Seligman, Max A. A. Dornfest and Brian C. Crow. The Department of Physics and Astronomy is part of UH Mānoa’s .

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Dark matter may be answer to why stars near the Milky Way’s core are muted /news/2026/02/03/dark-matter-silences-cepheids/ Tue, 03 Feb 2026 18:50:16 +0000 /news/?p=228951 This finding offers a potential new clue in the decades-long effort to understand what dark matter is and how it behaves.

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graphic of galaxy with labels
AI-generated image provided by lead researcher and Assistant Professor Jeremy Sakstein

A new study out of the University of 鶹ý at āԴDz’s could help solve the mystery surrounding why a key type of star used to measure cosmic distances appears to be missing.

Assistant Professor Jeremy Sakstein led the research, , by the American Physical Society. It shows that dark matter may prevent certain stars, called Cepheid variables, from forming near the Milky Way’s crowded core. Cepheid stars are often described as cosmic metronomes. They brighten and dim in a steady rhythm, making them essential tools for astronomers to measure distances across the universe. In most parts of the galaxy, these stars are common and well understood. However, none have been clearly observed near the galactic center.

The new study offers a possible explanation. According to the researchers, dark matter—an invisible substance thought to make up most of the universe’s mass—may collect inside stars that form in regions where dark matter is especially dense, such as the galaxy’s inner core. There, dark matter could release extra energy inside stars, subtly changing their evolution.

“This work highlights how research at UH Mānoa is helping to address some of the biggest unanswered questions in science,” Sakstein said. “By combining theory and computation, we’re helping to open up entirely new ways to test ideas about the universe. The next generation of telescopes will tell us whether we’re on the right track.”

For Cepheid stars, that extra energy may be enough to stop them from ever entering the phase where they pulse and become visible. The effect appears strongest for smaller Cepheids with shorter rhythms, which would be the first to disappear. Importantly, the study finds that Cepheids are more sensitive to dark matter than many other types of stars. That makes their absence a potential new clue in the decades-long effort to understand what dark matter is and how it behaves.

Powerful new telescopes, including the James Webb Space Telescope and the next generation of extremely large ground-based observatories, are expected to peer deeper into the galactic center than ever before. If these instruments still fail to find Cepheid stars where they should exist, it could be a strong sign that dark matter is influencing stellar life in ways scientists are only beginning to uncover.

The Department of Physics and Astronomy is housed in UH āԴDz’s .

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Global rankings recognize 鶹ýMānoa programs among world’s best /news/2026/01/21/times-subject-rankings-2026/ Wed, 21 Jan 2026 18:00:36 +0000 /news/?p=228476 UH Mānoa was ranked in all 11 of the 2026 Times Higher Education World University Rankings by Subject lists.

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U H Manoa students sitting at a desks

Five subject areas were placed in the world’s top 1%, and an additional four earned top 2% honors in the 2026 , released on January 21.

Education led the way, ranked in the No. 101–125 tier, followed by physical sciences at No. 126–150, arts and humanities at No. 151–175, and law and life sciences each at No. 201–250. To qualify in the world’s top 1%, rankings must be within the top 250 in the world () UH Mānoa was ranked in all 11 of the 2026 Times Higher Education World University Rankings by Subject lists.

“We are proud that UH Mānoa continues to be recognized globally, reflecting our commitment to academic excellence, research and the student experience,” UH Mānoa Interim Provost Vassilis L. Syrmos said. “These rankings underscore the hard work and dedication of our faculty, students and staff, who make UH Mānoa a truly exceptional place.”

All UH Mānoa rankings:

  • Education studies: No. 101–125
  • Physical sciences: No. 126–150
  • Arts and humanities: No. 151–175
  • Law: No. 201–250
  • Life sciences: No. 201–250
  • Social sciences: No. 251–300
  • Medical and health: No. 301–400
  • Psychology: No. 301–400
  • Business and economics: No. 401–500
  • Computer science: No. 501–600
  • Engineering: No. 501–600

Times Higher Education considers the following factors for its rankings: teaching, research environment, research quality, industry income and international outlook. Regarded as one of the leading national and international university rankings focused on research and academic excellence, Times Higher Education considered between 425–1,555 of the top institutions for each of its subject rankings, out of more than 25,000 institutions worldwide, to be eligible for its World University Rankings by Subject.

Other rankings

UH Mānoa also received these notable rankings:

For more information, .

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Soaring over Antarctica: 鶹ýballoon mission seeks to decode universe’s mysteries /news/2026/01/08/pueo-balloon-mission/ Thu, 08 Jan 2026 20:31:47 +0000 /news/?p=227967 PUEO is designed to study tiny particles called neutrinos that travel through space at extremely high energies.

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large balloon launches into sky
NASA’s Payload for Ultrahigh Energy Observations mission launches from the agency’s facility located near the National Science Foundation’s McMurdo Station in Antarctica on December 20. (Photo credit: NASA/Scott Battaion)

A NASA scientific balloon carrying a next-generation space science instrument has successfully launched over Antarctica, continuing a legacy of discovery that began at the University of 鶹ý at Mānoa.

The mission, known as the Payload for Ultrahigh Energy Observations, or PUEO, lifted off December 20, from NASA’s launch facility near McMurdo Station. The balloon reached an altitude of about 120,000 feet and is now drifting high above the Antarctic ice while collecting data.

PUEO is designed to study tiny particles called neutrinos that travel through space at extremely high energies. When these particles strike the thick Antarctic ice, they create brief radio signals. From its vantage point far above the surface, the balloon-mounted instrument listens for those signals, using the ice below as a natural detector.

By tracking these signals, scientists hope to learn more about powerful events in the universe, such as black hole formation and collisions between dense stars. The mission also includes two additional balloons that send test signals to help researchers confirm the instrument is working properly. PUEO is expected to remain airborne for several weeks, circling the continent as it gathers information.

“This mission shows how ideas that start in 鶹ý can grow through years of collaboration and dedication into discoveries that help answer some of the biggest questions about our universe,” Professor Peter Gorham said. “It reflects the creativity and persistence of our students, researchers and engineers, and it points to a future where UH research continues to play a meaningful role in advancing science worldwide.”

Building on UH’s Antarctic legacy

large balloon on ground preparing to launch
NASA’s PUEO mission prepares to launch from the agency’s facility located near the National Science Foundation’s McMurdo Station in Antarctica on December 20. (Photo credit: NASA/Scott Battaion)

PUEO builds on earlier work led by UH researchers through the Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA). That earlier project completed four balloon flights between 2006 and 2016 and helped open a new way of studying high-energy particles using radio signals detected over Antarctica. ANITA also recorded unusual particle events that scientists are still working to understand. With improved sensitivity and updated technology, PUEO aims to expand on those discoveries and clarify unanswered questions from the earlier missions.

This is the second high-altitude scientific balloon launched from Antarctica this season with major UH involvement. On December 15, a separate scientific balloon carried the General AntiParticle Spectrometer experiment into the sky to search for rare cosmic antimatter linked to dark matter. Together, the missions highlight UH’s growing role in NASA-led balloon research, using Antarctica’s unique environment to study some of the most basic questions about the universe.

PUEO is led by Professor Abigail Vieregg of the University of Chicago. The Department of Physics and Astronomy is housed in .

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鶹ýMānoa ranks top 12 in U.S. for oceanography, atmospheric science, tourism /news/2026/01/04/gras-ranking-2025/ Sun, 04 Jan 2026 18:00:35 +0000 /news/?p=227779 The rankings are based on measures such as world-class faculty, world-class research output, high-quality research, research impact and international collaboration.

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three students sitting on a bench

The earned high marks in nearly 20 academic subjects in the , with , and leading the way among the highest-ranked programs.

Oceanography ranked No. 5 in the U.S. and No. 7 in the world, atmospheric science placed No. 8 nationally and No. 11 worldwide, and hospitality and tourism management ranked No. 12 in the U.S. and No. 32 in the world.

The rankings were released by the Shanghai Ranking Consultancy and is considered one of the most comprehensive and objective assessments of university performance by discipline.

UH Mānoa also posted strong global and national placements across science, engineering, social science and other fields. tied for No. 17 in the U.S. and ranked No. 51–75 worldwide, while ecology and each tied for No. 24 nationally and placed No. 76–100 globally.

Additional UH Mānoa subjects recognized in the 2025 rankings include communication, education, political science, water resources, biological sciences, civil engineering, food science and technology, environmental science and engineering, agricultural sciences, economics, management and physics.

“These rankings reflect the depth and consistency of excellence at UH Mānoa,” Interim Provost Vassilis L. Syrmos said. “Our faculty are advancing research that matters locally and globally, while preparing students to address some of the most pressing challenges facing our world.”

UH Mānoa was evaluated alongside approximately 2,000 universities from more than 100 countries and regions, selected from a global pool of more than 25,000 institutions. The rankings are based on measures such as world-class faculty, world-class research output, high-quality research, research impact and international collaboration.

Other recent rankings:

For more information, .

—By Marc Arakaki

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Football-field-sized balloon takes flight over Antarctica in quest for dark matter answers /news/2025/12/16/gaps-experiment-launch/ Wed, 17 Dec 2025 01:35:26 +0000 /news/?p=227105 The experiment is suspended from a football-field-sized balloon approximately 24 miles above Antarctica.

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large balloon in the air
A snapshot of the GAPS experiment launch on December 15

A groundbreaking scientific experiment aimed at detecting dark matter in space launched from Antarctica on December 15, with significant contributions from University of 鶹ý at Mānoa.

photo of a large machine next to a large balloon
The GAPS experiment prepares to launch from Antarctica. (Photo credit: NASA/Andy Hamilton)

The General AntiParticle Spectrometer (GAPS) experiment is suspended from a football-field-sized balloon approximately 24 miles above Antarctica to search for rare cosmic antimatter that could help unlock the mysteries of dark matter, one of physics’ most perplexing phenomena.

Dark matter makes up about 85% of all the mass in our universe, yet we can’t see it or directly detect it—we only know it exists because of how it affects things around it through gravity. Understanding dark matter would help us grasp what most of the universe is actually made of and potentially reveal fundamental new physics that could revolutionize our understanding of how everything works.

International partners work on mystery

UH Mānoa received $1.4 million, part of a larger NASA grant, in support of the project, and has been playing a leading role in developing the experiment. Columbia is the lead institution on the GAPS project. Collaborators include the UH Mānoa, UCLA, UC Berkeley Space Sciences Laboratory, Northeastern University, Oak Ridge National Laboratory and international collaborators from Japan, Italy and China.

people standing in front of a large machine
Achim Stoessl, Grace Tytus and Philip von Doetinchem during the integration at the NASA Columbia Scientific Balloon Facility in summer 2024.

“This experiment puts 鶹ý at the forefront of one of the biggest mysteries in modern physics,” said Philip von Doetinchem, project lead and professor. “Our students and researchers at UH Mānoa are helping lead a quest to understand what makes up a large fraction of our universe, showing that groundbreaking science is happening right here in our islands.”

The UH GAPS flight operations team is composed of Research Corporation of UH researcher Achim Stoessl, graduate student Grace Tytus and Doetinchem. In addition, Cory Gerrity was instrumental for on-campus detector development tasks during the pandemic, which was also supported by undergraduate student Hershel Weiner.

people standing on ice in Antarctica
Achim Stoessl and Philip von Doetinchem for the 2024 GAPS campaign in Antarctica.

The experiment seeks to detect antiprotons and antideuterons (antimatter particles that are used in research to study dark matter and other phenomena), which scientists believe could provide crucial evidence about the nature of dark matter. While researchers have observed dark matter’s gravitational effects, its fundamental properties remain unknown.

GAPS utilizes NASA balloon facilities similar to previous Antarctic experiments, including one that recently challenged standard physics models. The project builds on years of preparation, including extensive detector calibration work at UH Mānoa and integration testing at multiple NASA facilities.

Primary funding is from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), the Italian National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), and the Italian Space Agency (ASI), with substantial funding from the Heising-Simons Foundation, and the National Science Foundation (NSF).

The Department of Physics and Astronomy is housed in .

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